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ResultsFollowing a description of the sample, the research findings are divided into three overlapping categories that parallel the sections from the original questionnaire. The sections are: I) general gambling activities; II) sports related gambling with friends; and III) gambling with bookmakers and other organized gambling activities.
Description of the SampleThe final sample consisted of 758 student athletes from a pool of 3000 surveys that were mailed. This was a response rate of 25.3%. Just over 60% of the student athlete respondents were male and 39% of the student athletes were female. The age of the participants ranged from 18 to 28 years old with an average age of 20.5 years. Fifty-two percent of the student athletes were under the age of 21, and 91.3% of respondents were between the traditional college ages of 18-22 years old. Over 54% of the student athletes indicated that they were basketball players and 45.5% of the sample played football. Among the student athletes who participated in the sport of basketball, 27.6% were male and 72.4% were female. Seventy-six percent of the student athletes stated they received an athletic grant-in-aid while 24% received no athletically related financial support. Table 1 provides additional background about the student athletes in the sample including the number of years they have competed in college, their self-described role on a team, and their grade point averages. Approximately half of the student athletes indicated that they had completed three or four years of athletic eligibility. Two-thirds of the respondents described their role on the team as either a starter or important substitute. Over 80% of the respondents had a grade point average of 2.5 or better on a 4.0 scale. Table 1Student Athlete Characteristics
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Percentage of Student Athletes | |
Eligibility Completed | |
One year | 21.3 |
Two years | 23.7 |
Three years | 22.5 |
Four years | 27.1 |
Never competed (redshirt) | 5.4 |
Grade Point Average (4.0 scale) |
|
1.99 or lower | 2.2 |
2.00 2.49 | 16.2 |
2.50 2.99 | 31.9 |
3.00 3.49 | 33.0 |
3.50 or higher | 16.7 |
Student-Athlete's Self-Described Role On Team |
|
Never competed | 8.2 |
Rarely competed | 9.5 |
Limited role | 15.7 |
Important substitute | 23.5 |
Starter | 43.1 |
I) | General Gambling Activities |
II) | Sports Related Gambling |
III) | Gambling with Bookmakers and Other Organized Gambling Activities |
Table of Contents
| Executive Summary | Introduction
| Review of the Literature | Methodology
| Results |